Light Exposure:
- Light exposure is the amount of light that reaches your camara.
- It determines if the picture is light or dark.
- You just need to ensure you don’t collect too little (“underexposed”)
- but that you also don’t collect too much (“overexposed”)
- The exposure settings of aperture, shutter speed and ISO speed are analogous to the width, time and quantity discussed above.
Shutter Speed:
- Determines when the camera sensor will be open or closed to incoming light from the camera lens.
- refers to how long this light is permitted to enter the camera.
- Shutter speed’s influence on exposure is perhaps the simplest of the three camera settings
Aperture Setting:
- A camera’s aperture setting controls the area over which light can pass through your camera lens.
- Every time the f-stop value halves, the light-collecting area quadruples
- When someone says they are “stopping down” or “opening up” their lens, they are referring to increasing and decreasing the f-stop value, respectively.
ISO Speed:
- The ISO speed determines how sensitive the camera is to incoming light.
- higher ISO speeds dramatically increase image noise.
- ISO speed is usually only increased from its minimum value if the desired aperture and shutter speed aren’t otherwise obtainable.
Camera Exposure Modes:
- ISO and shutter speed are chosen for a given exposure.
- Some modes attempt to pick all three values for you, whereas others let you specify one setting and the camera picks the other two (if possible).
- The camera may also have several pre-set modes; the most common include landscape, portrait, sports and night mode.
Exposure Triangle:
- Each setting controls exposure differently
- The key is knowing which trade-offs to make, since each setting also influences other image properties.
- For example, aperture affects depth of field, shutter speed affects motion blur and ISO speed affects image noise.